The main purpose of the National Reserves is the conservation of the biological diversity and makes a good use of the aquatic and ground wild flora and fauna.

In this areas the commercial exploitation of the natural resources are permitted under supervised and controled plans. Nowadays National Reserves have been established with a surface of 2,946,686 hectares, which represents 2,29% of the national territory.

National Reserves are:

- Tambopata Candamo
- Pampa Galeras
- Junin
- Paracas
- Lachay
- Titicaca
- Salinas y Aguada Blanca
- Calipuy
- Pacaya Samiria