The El Sira Communal Reserve occupies an area stretching along 616413.41 hectares, limited by the Ucayali River on the eastern side and the Pachitea on the western side. This Communal Reserve extends over the Province of Puerto Inca in the Department of Huánuco, the Province of Oxapampa in the Department of Pasco, and the Provinces of Atalaya and Coronel Portillo in the Department of Ucayali.

The Peruvian Nation considered of great importance to declare the El Sira Communal Reserve a protected zone with the aim of conserving and protecting the natural resources and the continuation and survival of the Asháninka, Yanesha and Shipibo ethnic groups, which depend on it. In this manner it is sought to keep the complex ecological processes and biological cycles of the El Sira Mountain Range, and to preserve the source of quality water for the native communities dwelling in its surroundings.

The El Sira Mountain Range presents a physiography determined by diverse ecosystems representative of the upper and lower forests, which host a great diversity of wild flora and fauna species. The protection of these habitats, besides ensuring the conservation of the biological diversity, is necessary for the preservation of natural areas due to their unique aesthetic and cultural values, and for the sustainable exploitation of their resources in favour of the native communities.

There are also aquatic environments within the Communal Reserve that generate an interrelation with the forest, hence allowing the presence of a very varied fauna consisting on insects, fishes, crustaceous, reptiles and mammals. Besides, it presents unaltered forests and houses endemism of national interest. It has impressive vegetation on its different altitudinal floors, which varies from the High Exuberant Forest to the Dense Forest over 2000 metres above sea level, with abundant epiphytes, ferns, likens, mosses, bromeliads, orchids and ericaceous.

The surroundings of the El Sira Cordillera is inhabited by populations of three indigenous peoples, where each people makes use of their corresponding space within the Cordillera, respecting the space of the other groups. The Yaneshas and the Asháninkas are found to the west, in the Pachitea and Pichis Valleys; the Asháninkas and the Shipibos - Conibos are to the east, in the Alto Ucayali Valley; and the Asháninkas of Gran Pajonal are to south.

The main objective of the El Sira Communal Reserve is the conservation of the biological diversity of the place, in benefit of native communities belonging to the Asháninka, Yanesha and Shipibo - Conibo ethnic groups living in the vicinity of the El Sira Cordillera.