Amarakaeri Communal Reserve was created by means of Supreme Decree No. 031-2002-AG on May the 9th of 2002. It is located between the District of Madre de Dios, Province of Manu, Department of Madre de Dios, and the District of Pilcopata, Province of Paucartambo, Department of Cusco, occupying an extension of 402335.62 hectares.

The region where this Communal Reserve has been established is the territory of the Harakmbut, Yine and Matsiguenga Indigenous Communities, whose people have access to clean water sources and reproduction areas for their natural world. Likewise, they manage to keep these areas considered as sacred by their ancestors under the protection of the nation.

Amarakaeri Communal Reserve is located amongst other important protected areas such as Manu National Park, Tambopata National Reserve and Bahuaja-Sonene National Park, conforming a biological corridor that is unique in the world, involving protected areas in the neighbouring countries of Brazil and Bolivia.

Several Life Zones can be found at the Reserve such as the Sup-Tropical Misty Forest, the Sub-Tropical Very Misty Forest, Sub-Tropical Rainforest, and the Sub-Tropical Semi-Saturated Rainforest.

The vegetation characteristic of this zone has trees 30 metres high, epiphytes of the aráceas family, bromeliads and a diversity of orchids. Species such as arrow grass (Ginerium sagitatum), river alder (Tessaria sp.), cecropia (Cecropia sp.), topa or balsa tree (Ochroma sp.) guadua bamboo (Guadua sp.), and bobinsana ot tree legume (Calliandra sp.) are found on the riverbanks.

The Reserve also has great diversity of fauna species with wide ranges of dispersion and endemism, showing species such as different types of monkeys (Lagothrix lagothrica, Alouatta seniculus), tapirs (Tapirus terrestris), collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu), deer (Mazama americana, Mazama quoazoubira), ant bears (Myrmecophaga tridáctila), armadillos (Priodontes maximus), capybaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris) and felines (Felis concolor, Felis pardalis, Felis wiedi).

We find the taricaya (Podocnemis unifilis) and motelo (Geochelone denticulata) tortoises, the white (Caiman crocodylus) and black (Melanosuchus niger) caimans, iguanas (Anolis sp.), and serpents (Lachesis muta, Bothrops atrox, Bothrops bilineatus, Corallus caninus, Spilotes pullatus, Epicrates cenchria, Micrurus mertensi) amongst the reptiles; and diverse bird species such as parrots and macaws.

This area protects several endangered species such as the giant river otter (Pteronura brasiliensis), the spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), the jaguar (Pantera onca), and the black faced spider monkey (Ateles paniscus chamek).

The objectives of Amarakaeri Communal Reserve are to maintain and develop the cultural values of the Harakmbut Native Communities, and to protect this area of great biological diversity for it is a natural refuge for a great variety of flora and fauna species.